Global Scientific Review provides the opportunity for the authors to publish their original research articles in Multidisciplinary fields. Global Scientific Review is an open-access, peer-reviewed monthly journal. The journal is referred to and follows the ethics and practices of ethical open-access publishing. All the manuscripts received for publication pass through an extensive double-blind peer review process. The journal covers the multidisciplinary areas of Engineering, Technology, Management, Educational advancements, Sciences, Humanities, Sports Science and Physical Education. Authors can submit their original manuscripts for peer review. Frequency of Publication: Monthly Acceptance Notification: 30 Days ISSN: 2795-4951 JIF 2024: 8.956 SJIF (2024): 6.536
Terminological Equivalence and Harmonization Strategies in a Specialized Parallel Corpus of UN Documents
Terminological equivalence is one of the central issues in multilingual institutional communication, since the accuracy of a translated term directly influences the interpretation of the concept that it represents. This issue is especially important in United Nations documents, where legal, political, diplomatic, humanitarian and administrative concepts must be rendered consistently across languages. The problem investigated in this study arises from the fact that a single institutional concept may be expressed through several target-language equivalents, while these variants do not always demonstrate identical semantic scope, functional value or institutional status. Consequently, terminological variation may gradually develop into terminological inconsistency. The present study examines the nature of terminological equivalence and proposes harmonization strategies based on a specialized parallel corpus of UN documents. The research integrates corpus linguistics, terminology studies, translation theory, semantic analysis and contrastive linguistics.
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Analysis of written literature about ancient Bactria
Information on the history and culture of ancient Bactria is reflected in various written sources. This information is found in the works of ancient Greek, Persian, Indian, and Chinese historians. The following is an analysis of information about Bactria in the main written sources. Linguists have noted similarities between the Rigveda, the Avesta, and the languages of some Indo-European peoples. As a result of archaeological research conducted in Eastern Europe, various scientific views have emerged regarding the ethnic origin of the Aryans. The texts of the Rigveda contain some images of the funeral ceremony. According to them, the division of the whole world into three parts is symbolic, and there is information about a chariot drawn by three horses. There are ideas that, during the burial process, the body of the deceased was divided into three parts (head, body, feet). Analyses reveal the presence of IndoAryan populations in the region at the end of the Bronze Age, their migration to northern India, and their traces in southern Uzbekistan. Herder migration was also present at the beginning of the Bronze Age. The appearance of ethnocultural elements in archaeological finds is reflected in changes that occurred in Northern Bactria, beginning with the Kozali stage of the Sopolli culture.
Anthropocentric Analysis Of Paulo Coelho’s The Alchemist: Human Identity And SelfRealization
This article deeply analyzes Paulo Coelho's novel "The Alchemist," one of the brilliant examples of world literature, based on a modern anthropocentric approach and philosophical-aesthetic principles. The main purpose of the research is to reveal the inner world, spiritual evolution, and the dramatic and transformational processes in the search for identity of the "human" figure standing at the center of the literary text. The article evaluates the protagonist Santiago's ascent from simple shepherd activity to the level of perceiving the laws of the universe not merely as a geographical journey, but as a cognitive metamorphosis confirming the infinity of human consciousness and potential. During the research, the concept of "Personal Legend" is revealed as a mechanism for giving meaning to human existence, overcoming ontological loneliness, and finding one's place in the world. Furthermore, the functional significance of natural elements (desert, wind, sun) and secondary characters in the novel is scientifically grounded as stages in human spiritual maturation and self-realization. The article highlights issues of the ontological interpretation of the "Soul of the World", concepts of space and time, as well as human will, freedom of choice, and the harmony between love and duty at the intersection of the scientific and philosophical views of thinkers such as Martin Heidegger, Henri Bergson, and Carl Gustav Jung
Criteria For Evaluating The SocioEconomic And Moral-Ethical Consequences Of Socially Hazardous Behavior
This study provides a comprehensive methodological analysis of evaluating the socio-economic and moral-ethical consequences of socially hazardous (risk-taking and deviant) behavior at the intersection of deviancology, sociology, economics, and jurisprudence. The research elucidates the multi-tiered impact of risk behavior on macro- and micro-economic metrics, including direct fiscal burdens, indirect human capital degradation, labor market segmentation, and the blocking of social mobility through the "poverty and deviance trap." Furthermore, the article explores the qualitative parameters of moral-ethical decay, such as axiological anomie, institutional mistrust, intergenerational transmission of destructive behavior, and the erosion of collective responsibility. Integrating foundational theories from Durkheim, Merton, Becker, Putnam, Weber, and Frankl, the paper proposes a holistic Risk Behavior Impact Index (RBII) across four structural blocks: economic-fiscal, demographicpublic health, socio-institutional, and moral-axiological. The findings emphasize transitioning from punitive-repressive measures toward human-centric, institutional, and preventive policy frameworks.
Artificial Intelligence And Digital Technologies For The Preservation And Modernization Of Uzbek National Costume Heritage
This study investigates the role of artificial intelligence and digital technologies in the preservation, digitalization, and modernization of Uzbek national costume heritage. The research examines the application of machine learning, computer vision, generative artificial intelligence, digital archiving, and three-dimensional modeling technologies for documenting, analyzing, reconstructing, and promoting traditional Uzbek garments. A qualitative comparative and analytical approach was employed to evaluate the effectiveness of AI-assisted digital platforms in preserving traditional patterns, embroidery motifs, textile structures, and costume designs. The findings indicate that artificial intelligence technologies significantly improve the efficiency of cultural heritage documentation, facilitate the creation of virtual costume collections, and support the integration of traditional design elements into contemporary digital fashion products. Furthermore, AI-powered solutions contribute to virtual exhibitions, digital museums, personalized fashion design, and sustainable cultural development. The study concludes that the integration of artificial intelligence with digital fashion technologies creates new opportunities for safeguarding national identity while enhancing innovation and global accessibility of Uzbek cultural heritage
The Economic and Psychological Impact of Management
This article analyzes the economic and psychological impact of management on organizational performance. The study employs comparative analysis, theoretical observation, and synthesis methods to examine the role of management in improving economic efficiency, increasing labor productivity, and ensuring the rational use of resources. Particular attention is given to the influence of management on employee motivation, organizational climate, job satisfaction, and corporate culture. The findings indicate that effective management practices not only improve economic outcomes but also enhance employee engagement, psychological well-being, and overall organizational performance. The scientific novelty of the research lies in its integrated analysis of management’s economic and psychological dimensions within the framework of economic theory and digital management concepts. The study concludes that effective management contributes significantly to both economic efficiency and psychological well-being, ensuring sustainable organizational development. The study employs qualitative literature analysis and comparative methods to evaluate the relationship between management practices and organizational performance.
Isolation, Structural Elucidation, And Chemotaxonomic Profiling of Iridoid Glycosides from Medicinal Plants Using Advanced Spectroscopic Techniques
This article investigates the isolation, structural elucidation, and chemotaxonomic profiling of iridoid glycosides from medicinal plants utilizing advanced spectroscopic techniques. In the course of the study, biologically active compounds were isolated using diverse chromatographic methods, and their molecular architectures were comprehensively determined through high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry technologies. The findings enrich the chemotaxonomic classification of plant families and serve to identify novel sources of natural compounds for the pharmaceutical industry.
In Vitro And In Vivo Evaluation Of Biological Activities And Mechanistic Insights Of Iridoid Glycosides Isolated From Medicinal Plants
This article evaluates the biological activities of iridoid glycosides isolated from medicinal plants through in vitro and in vivo experiments and investigates their molecular mechanisms of action. In the course of the study, the antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and cytotoxic properties of these natural compounds were analyzed in laboratory models and living organisms, determining their regulatory effects on intracellular signaling pathways. The obtained experimental results provide deeper insights into the molecular pathways of iridoid glycosides and serve as a fundamental basis for developing novel, effective therapeutic agents in the pharmaceutical industry.
Analysis of Investments Directed into the Economy
Based on the research of domestic and foreign economists, the article analyzes investments as one of the key factors of economic development, their place in the economy, advantages and impact on economic growth. Scientific proposals and practical recommendations for improving the system of attracting foreign investments into the national economy are formulated. According to the author, each state strives to maximize its production potential; in this regard, the effectiveness of attracted investments also requires scientific analysis.
Analysis of the factors affecting the economy of declining land productivity in Uzbekistan
The most important natural resource for humanity is the land, which is necessary for both our existence and advancement. Land deterioration, however, presents significant difficulties and exacerbates environmental, social, and economic problems. These include food insecurity, poverty, poor health, biodiversity loss, water scarcity, decreased climate change resilience, and community dislocation. While governments are making substantial efforts to address the impacts of land degradation, the growing effects of climate change are aggravating the problem. Many land types continue to degrade, with the pace of deterioration expected to increase. To tackle this urgent issue, more comprehensive and sustained actions are needed. Prioritizing the prevention of land degradation and investing in soil restoration efforts are critical to maintaining ecosystem health, ensuring food security, and supporting communities' adaptability to climate change.
The Impact Of The Soviet Financial And Monetary System In The Social Life Of The Population Of Uzbekistan (In The 20-30s Of The 20th Century)
This study explores the impact of the Soviet financial and monetary system on the social life of the population of Uzbekistan during the 1920s–1930s. Following the establishment of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic in 1925, comprehensive reforms, including nationalization of land and water and monetary regulations, were implemented to align the republic with Soviet economic policies. The research examines how these measures influenced agricultural production, resource allocation, and social relations, highlighting both the intended objectives of modernization and the unintended consequences on local communities. Particular attention is paid to the redistribution of property, changes in land ownership, and the effects of centralized economic planning on the daily lives of ordinary citizens. The findings indicate that while the reforms aimed to integrate Uzbekistan into the socialist framework, they also led to social tension, economic dislocation, and challenges in implementing Soviet monetary policies. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the early Soviet economic system’s social ramifications in Central Asia.
Ways Of Enriching Future Teachers’ Competence In Media Product Creation Through Artificial Intelligence
This article highlights the theoretical and methodological foundations of developing future teachers’ competence in creating media products, as well as the possibilities of using Sun’iy intellekt technologies in this process. The issues of creating media content, developing digital pedagogical resources, fostering creative thinking, and implementing innovative approaches in education are analyzed. As a result of the study, a conceptual model for developing future teachers’ competence in media product creation is proposed
Scientific-Technological Potential And Regional Integration (A Political-Philosophical Analysis)
This study analyzes the role of scientific and technological potential as a key driver of regional integration, examining its political, institutional, and normative aspects. The research aims to systematically determine how scientific and technological potential can accelerate regional economic and political cooperation. The arguments presented are based on a mixed-methods approach that includes comparative analysis, indicator-based assessment, and theoretical modeling. Key indicators of scientific and technological potential include R&D expenditures, number of patents, high-tech production output, and the capacity of scientific and academic personnel. A comparison of different regions serves to empirically validate the theoretical model. Regions with high scientific and technological potential exhibit more advanced regional integration, stronger economic cooperation, and faster institutional harmonization. Empirical data confirms a positive correlation between R&D expenditures, the number of patents, and the level of regional cooperation. Additionally, the capacity of scientific and academic personnel enhances the legitimacy and effectiveness of the integration process. Scientific and technological potential can act as a key driver of regional integration, not merely a supporting factor. To achieve this, it is recommended to develop regional innovation clusters, reduce technological inequality, and effectively leverage scientific and technological potential in collaboration with the region's countries to address global challenges (climate change, pandemics, financial instability). This approach makes it possible to render the regional integration process sustainable and normatively legitimate.
Strategic Crossings of the Amu Darya in the System of the Great Silk Road and Their Geo-Economic Significance
This article provides a systematic analysis of the role of the Amu Darya (Oxus/Jayhun) basin in international economic and cultural relations during the ancient and medieval periods. The research is based on data from ancient authors (Strabo, Arrian), Arab geographers (Al-Istakhri, Ibn Hawqal), and encyclopedic scholars such as Abu Rayhan Biruni. The article highlights the importance of strategic crossings such as Amul, Kelif, Shurob, and Chushkaguzar within the Great Silk Road system. The author scientifically substantiates the river's function not merely as a natural border, but as a transregional economic bridge
Methods Of Organizing Children's Physical Education In Preschool Educational Organizations
This article covers a wide range of forms, methods and content of the organization of physical education of children in preschool educational institutions. The structure of physical activities, their health-improving, educational and educational significance have been scientifically analyzed. It also explains the factors affecting the physical development of children, methods of effectively organizing training, and pedagogical approaches
Executive-Active Thinking And Its Formation
Visual–active thinking is a form of visual perception that can lead a person to real practical actions. This article presents reflections and opinions on visual–active thinking and the ways of its formation.
The impact of the reciprocal teaching strategy on developing inferential thinking among fifth-grade humanities students in the subject of history
The current research aims to identify the impact of the Reciprocal Teaching Strategy on the development of inferential thinking among fifth-grade literary stream students in the subject of History. To achieve the research objective, the researcher adopted a quasi-experimental method due to its suitability for the research goals. The research population consisted of female fifth-grade literary students in public day intermediate and secondary schools affiliated with the General Directorate of Education in Diyala Province / Balad Ruz District. A school was randomly selected, and the choice fell on Al-Fadilat Secondary School for Girls. The sample consisted of 82 students, distributed across two sections: (A) and (B). Section (A) was randomly selected to represent the experimental group, which was taught using the Reciprocal Teaching Strategy, while Section (B) represented the control group, which was taught using the traditional method
Methods For Improving The Corrosion Resistance Of Reinforced Concrete Structures
This paper investigates the root causes of corrosion in reinforced concrete (RC) structures, advanced methods for protecting reinforcing steel from rusting, and technologies aimed at increasing concrete density and impermeability. The study analyzes electrochemical corrosion mechanisms and the degradation of concrete microstructure under aggressive environmental exposure, including carbonation and chloride ingress. Furthermore, the effectiveness of next-generation corrosionresistant chemical additives (inhibitors), hydrophobic surface systems, and composite reinforcement alternatives is comparatively evaluated. A multi-level durability strategy is proposed, combining material design, structural detailing, protective systems, and monitoring. The results provide practical recommendations for extending the service life of buildings and infrastructure in aggressive environments, including regions with high groundwater salinity and cyclic wetting-drying conditions.
Artificial Intelligence: From Its Origins To Its Impact On Society
Due to the recent popularization and investments, artificial intelligence (AI) has become a mainstream form of tech tool within the last years. This event made way for new advantages as well as real potential risks. Despite its novel introduction to everyday life, AI technology actually has a deep history of progress. World’s first computer is debated to date back to as far as the times of ancient Greece, whereas actual algorithms in digital devices more recognizable as “computers” were more developed around the times of WW2. This was when computer science (CS) started its introduction as a new major at universities and research facilities. Digital, complex algorithms were improved upon, world’s first computer was made in 1945. Finally, in 1956, Dartmouth College officially recognized AI as a field.
Analysis Of Current And Future Decrees And State Programs Aimed At Developing The Foreign Investment Insurance System In The Republic Of Uzbekistan
This article analyzes the decrees and state programs implemented and planned in the field of foreign investment insurance in the Republic of Uzbekistan. In particular, special attention is paid to mechanisms for improving the investment climate, protecting investor rights, and reducing political and commercial risks. The study examines the regulatory legal acts adopted by the Administration of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the activities of the Ministry of Investments, Industry and Trade, and the role of insurance institutions such as Uzbekinvest. A comparative analysis is also carried out with international experience in foreign investment insurance, including the activities of the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA).
The Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonist Therapy (Semaglutide and Tirzepatide) on Metabolic and Hormonal Parameters in Men with Obesity and Insulin Resistance
In recent years, obesity and insulin resistance have become increasingly prevalent among men and are considered key pathogenetic factors in the development of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hormonal imbalance. In such conditions, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists—semaglutide and the dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist tirzepatide—have been recognized as effective pharmacological treatment options. This article analyzes the effects of these therapies on metabolic and hormonal parameters in men with obesity and insulin resistance. The results of clinical studies demonstrate that the use of semaglutide and tirzepatide is associated with significant weight reduction, improved insulin sensitivity, stabilization of glycemic control, and optimization of lipid metabolism. Moreover, weight loss and reduction of visceral adipose tissue contribute to the improvement of hormonal balance in men, particularly through an indirect increase in testosterone levels, reduction of leptin resistance, and enhancement of adiponectin secretion. The dual mechanism of action of tirzepatide further enhances its metabolic efficacy, providing superior clinical outcomes in patients with severe insulin resistance. This article highlights the role of GLP-1 agonists in the comprehensive management of metabolic and endocrine disorders in men and substantiates their clinical relevance.
The Role Of A Healthy Lifestyle In The Prevention Of Cardiovascular Diseases
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and a healthy lifestyle plays a crucial role in their prevention. This article analyzes the impact of healthy habits such as nutrition, physical activity, smoking cessation, weight control, sleep, and stress management in preventing CVD. Research indicates that by adhering to a healthy lifestyle, 80-90% of CVD cases can be prevented. The article provides recommendations based on the World Health Organization (WHO), the American Heart Association (AHA), and other scientific sources. Furthermore, the effectiveness of these habits is proven through clinical studies and statistical data. Consequently, the role of physicians and society in promoting a healthy lifestyle is highlighted. The article aims to strengthen CVD prevention, with a total word count of approximately 2,400.
Financial Technology as a Tool to Promote Innovation in the Financial Sector
This research provides a broad analytical assessment of the relevance of financial technology (FinTech) as an essential mechanism for fostering innovation in finance. It finds that FinTech is an all-encompassing, transformative ecosystem that disrupts conventional financial services, processes, and business models by delivering personalized services; increasing operational efficiency through smart devices; facilitating alternative financing channels; and striving for financial inclusion. The study also draws attention to the interconnected challenges of actualizing this emerging role, above all, lagging legislation , cybersecurity threats, and the digital and institutional divide. It stresses the need not only to address these challenges, but also to create an enabling environment built on three pillars: flexible, smart regulation (regulatory sandboxes); strategic investment in digital infrastructure and human capital; and incentivizing constructive coordination among all players in the financial ecosystem. Arab experiences in FinTech analysis. It is clear from Arab experiences that the successful application of FinTech as an innovation driver depends on a welldefined national vision and a strong enabling environment. To support this, the study concludes with a series of practical recommendations that leverage FinTech 's innovative potential and turn these into concrete proposals to support the creation of a more flexible, inclusive, and competitive Arab financial sector in the new digitalbased global economy.
Impact Of Injection Timing On The Emissions And Production Of A CI Engine Utilizing B30 Biodiesel Fuel
In order to assess the effects of injection duration (10, 8, 6, 4, 2 before TDC) on emissions, combustion parameters, and CI engine performance once utilizing biodiesel and diesel mixture (B30) at engine speeds of 3000 rpm with a full load, we prepared the AVL Boost model with combustion models Vibe 2 and Woschni 1990 as sub-models and applied numerical analysis. The utilization of various fuel types in compression ignition engines to enhance performance of engine with decreasing exhaust releases was the main emphasis of this study. In this effort, a 4-strokes and 4- cylinders, engine has been utilized. The findings demonstrated that once the time of injection was rated, the effective torque and the braking power both dropped. Biodiesel blends produced less effective power and torque than diesel fuel at all selected time of injection. Biodiesel blends produced less effective power and torque than diesel fuel at all chosen time of injection. Under all operating conditions, biodiesel fuels emit much less soot but more NOx than traditional diesel fuels. For all selected fuels, NOx releases reduced with increasing the soot releases once durations of injection were switched from advanced to rated.
A Study on the Use of Kim Kwang-seok’s “Love That Hurts Too Much Was Not Love” as Korean Language Educational Material: A Teaching Method for Paradoxical Realization and Expressions of Emotional Intensification
This study proposes a method for teaching Korean learners about Korean emotional sensibilities regarding separation and philosophical reflections on love by utilizing the song “Love That Hurts Too Much Was Not Love” by the singer Kim Kwang-seok as Korean language educational material for foreign learners. This song is an advancedlevel text that conveys paradoxical realization through the opposing concepts of “pain” and “love,” and it is rich in metaphorical expressions that symbolize abstract suffering throughout its lyrics. By integrating psychological theories of emotional education with linguistic grammatical analysis, this study identifies the educational value of realization-marking sentence endings and expressions of emotional intensification found in the song lyrics. Based on this analysis, a three-stage teaching–learning model is designed to enhance learners’ logical thinking skills and their ability to express complex emotions, along with specific discussion and writing activities.
Development of Investment Strategy of Joint - stock Companies
This paper examines conceptual approaches, methodological foundations, and practical aspects of forming investment strategies in joint-stock companies, with a focus on modern economic conditions and the increasing importance of investment planning. The research analyzes strategic decision-making processes, classification of investment strategies, and key factors influencing their development. Particular attention is given to the investment behavior of companies in Uzbekistan, their needs for attracting capital, and the challenges they face due to insufficient strategic planning. The study employs theoretical analysis, structured interviews, and examination of recent statistical data. The findings highlight that clearly defined investment strategies improve companies’ competitiveness, financial stability, and ability to implement modernization programs. However, the lack of professional competencies and methodological tools limits their effectiveness.
Analysis Of Tax Reforms In The Digital Economy
This article examines taxation issues in the digital economy, interactive services provided to taxpayers, trading platforms, turnover on trading platforms, the interactive service "electronic rent", electronic contracts and the results of tax audits.
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The Role Of European Culture In Shaping Ahmad Donish’s Worldview
This article analyzes the views of the 19th-century Bukharan thinker Ahmad Donish- who lived and worked during a period of socio-political crisis in the Emirate of Bukhara - regarding European culture, science, and enlightenment. The author examines, on a scholarly basis, Donish’s real-life observations made during his journey to Russia, his reflections on European progress, his comparative assessment of Eastern and Western civilizations, and his proposals for reforming Bukharan society